Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Agriculture Sciences

This study is conducted at the greenhouse of the experimental research station
, College of Agriculture University of AL-Muthana . The experiment includes a
foliar sprays to Okra plants with fifteen treatments , i-e . F1 control . F2
liquorice roots extract at 3.5 gm L 1-F3 Prosolat 1.5 gmL ، 1-F4 Terrasorb .at
2mlL ، 1-F5 Garlic extract at 2.5 gmL 1- and the interaction between them . Theexperiment also includes the foliar spray with zinc at 0 , 3.5 , and 4.5 gmL ) 1-
Zn1 , Zn2 , Zn3 ) ZnSO7 . 4H2O was used as source of zinc element.
The foliar sprays with the foliar feeding is done three times with in 30 ، days
between each of them while the foliar sprays with zinc is done thrice , 15 days
between each of them . RCBD was adopted with three replicates using LSD at
0.05 to compare between the treatments .
The experimental results have shown that the highest vegetative growth values
is found when the plants is sprayed with liquorice root extract which also
significantly is superior that the other treatments in plant height , fresh and dry
weight of leaves per plant , fresh and dry weight of roots , fresh and dry weight
of shoots , the number of branches and leaves ( 41.81 cm , 20.4 gmplant ، 1-
3.81gmplant 14.09 ، 1- gmplant 3,94 ، 1- gmplant 67.32 ، 1- gmplant ، 1-
13.15gmplant 10.4 ، 1-branch plant ، 1- and 30.36 leaves plant 1- respectively ,
while no significant differences between F2 and F5 in the length of roots .
-1 Zn significantly increase the parameters
studied in their experiment over the others treatments

Fish farming is seen as an attractive option for enhancing fish production.
Knowledge of fish farmers about scientific fish farming practices and
management plays a very important role for increasing the yield of fish. The
study is conducted in Babylon province. It has found that majority of the fish
farmers (55.5%) have possessed low to medium level of knowledge regarding
scientific fish farming practices. The highest extent of knowledge is observed in
the field of harvest, marketing .There is a significant correlation between the
knowledge of respondents, and their level of education, experience in fish
farming.

A field experiment is conducted in west area of Heseipa, AlQaem, Anbar
province in winter season of 2009. The objective of the experiment is to know
the effect of planting methods (ridges, and lines), and planting data (15 Oct, 1st
Nov., and 15 Nov.) on some growth characters and yield components for
chickpea crop ( local variety) under field conditions . R. C. B. D. design are used
with three replications.
The results have shown that the ridges planting methods show a significant
values in growth characters compared with the number of pod/plant (18.07
pods), and grain yield (0.909 ton.ha-1) while the line planting method has given a
number of pods /plant (16.52 pods) and grain yield (0.766 ton.ha-1) planting data
(1st Nov.) has given a significant result in plant height, the number of
branch/plant, the number of pods/plant, the number of grain/pod compared with
the control .This treatment has given the highest yield (1.095 ton. ha-1), while
the 15 Nov. data has gaven a highest weight of 100 grain .There is no significant
difference between the two factors in the number of grain/pod and weight of 100
grain .
The interaction treatment between planting methods and planting date have
given significant results in growth characters and grain yield . The 1st Nov. date
and ridges treatment given the highest number of pods/plant , number of
grain/pod and grain yield , while the interaction of ( 15 Oct. ,and 15 Nov. )
planting dates with line method gave low means in weight of 100 grains and
other characters respectively.

Microbial isolates are isolated from 25 agricultural soil samples contaminated by
herbicide. Their ability of degradation atrazin and 2,4-D herbicides are
examined . Two isolates are chosen according to ability for degradation , then
isolated and identified by using numbers of culture media and biochemical tests
Results have indicated that the bacteria are Escherichia coli (B6) and
Pseudomonas fluorescens (B13) , which have been incubated with a number of
herbicides concentrations (5.0 -17.5) mg L-1 from atrazin and (5.0 -20.0) mg L-1
from 2,4-D.
Results have shown the degradation increases with increasing the concentrations
(65 ، 60)% for isolate B6 , B13 respectively with 12.5 mg L-1 of atrazin and (73،
61)% of 2,4-D with 15.0 mgL-1 of atrazin and (73،61) % of 2,4-D with 15.0
mgL-1 after five days incubation.Chemical mutagen (Nitrosoguanidine) 500 μg
mL-1 used to mutant bacteria cell with time (0.5 , 1.0 , 1.5 and 2.0) hr. one hour
is enough to do that , there fore rasio degradation increases (93 , 89) % Atrazin
of (B13C6 , B6C3) respectively in 12.5 mgL-1 and (97 , 93) % , 2,4-D in 15.0
mgL-1 . Achridin orange and sodium Dodecyl sulphate (SDS) are used to curined
bacteria plasmids by 2500 μg mL-1 from (SDS) and 200 μg mL-1 from (Achridin
orange). The results show (B13C6 , B6C3) became curing cells.

The experiment is conducted during Winter season 2009-2010 in the Research
Station of College of Agriculture Al-Muthana University. Cadmium as a heavy
metals is applied at the rates ( 0 , 3 , and 6 mg/kg soil ) as CdCl2 , while organic
matter ( O M ) mixture are have been added at mixing rate of ( sand , 1sand : 1 )
O M ) and 1 sand : 2 ( O M ) as cow dung ) . The experiment is laid out in CRD
with 3 replicates in 27 pots . Data have been collected on plant height ,stem
diameter ,shoot wt , shoot DM , root length and root shoot ratio .The addition of
Cd has a significant deleterious effect on all the properties except root/shoot
ratio , while the O M has a significant effect on plant height and Root length
only . There is a significant interaction between some properties

This research is conducted in a private field at Abu – Gharak , Babylon Province
, during two seasons ( 2009 & 2010 ), to study the effect of two planting
methods and kind of fertilizer on the yield , essential oil quantity in Marjoram
and Thyme plants .
Two field experiments are conduct by using randomized complete block design
(RCBD) with three factors in are replicates , factor (A) represent planting
method , (B) Nitrogen fertilizer , and (C) Iron fertilizer . The experimental units
represented by (one plot & four furrows ) . The Volatile oil extracted from theleaves and the flowers tops by hydro distillation method using Clevenger
apparatus , the volatile oil samples from the two plants were analyzed by (GLC).
The results obtain indicated that , there are significant effect for the fertilization
with Nitrogen and Iron on the growth , volatile oil quantity and percentage of
some oil components of Marjoram plants during the two seasons . Also foliar
application with Nitrogen & Iron elements produced high quantities of dry
matter and volatile oil in Marjoram plants that grown in furrows during the two
seasons , in addition , that foliar application with nitrogen raised Sabenene &
Terpenene percentages in the Marjoram oil .
The results during (2009 ) show that foliar application of nitrogen on Thyme
plants grown in plots with soil application with Iron produced high quantity of
dry matter and high volatile oil content comparing with the control .
In (2010) the results indicate that foliar application with nitrogen and iron to
Thyme plants that planted on furrows significantly affected the dry matter . In
addition , that high quantity of volatile oil produced in thymus plants due to the
foliar application with nitrogen and iron , also this application raised the two
aromatic compounds ( Thymol & Carvacrol ) percentages in Thyme oil

An in vitro experiment is conducted to study the effect of adding urea (0, 1.5
and 3% on dry matter, DM basis) and period of ensiling (15, 30, 45 and 60 days)
on the quality and chemical composition of wheat straw (WS) silages. All
samples are treated with 10% of molasses.
Results have shown that the addition of urea at the lower rate alters the color of
silages from yellow to greenish yellow with the appearance of fermented fruit
odor in samples ensiled for 60 days, but doubling urea level alters the color to
dark yellow and brown as the ensiling period is proceeded with the appearance
of ammonia odor.
The estimated Fleig points decline due to increasing the level of urea, but the
proceeding of ensiling period increases these points. pH of silages are increased
(P<0.01) due to urea treatment but it decreases (P<0.01) due to proceeding of
ensiling period.
Regarding the compositional changes, results have shown that the addition of
urea decreases (P<0.01) crude fiber (CF) and nitrogen free extract (NFE)
contents, but it increases (P<0.01) crude protein (CP) content. Proceeding
ensiling period decreases (P<0.01) CF and increases CP (P<0.05) and NFE
(P<0.01). Generally , better results are accomplished at the lower level of urea
and 60 days of ensiling.

The present study aimes to examining the effect of the ethanolic extract of
Melilotus officinalis flowers on bleeding time ,WBC and RBC count .Total
number in males and females adult rabbit eighteen, (9 males and 9females ) are
randomly divided into three equal groups (3 males and 3females per group). The
first (control) is drenched normal saline while the second and third groups are
drenched the ethanolic extracted (20 and 50mg/ml/kg of B.W) for 24 hours.
The results reveal significant increase in bleeding time in third group followed
by the second group compared with the control while RBC and WBC count
record no significant differences .On the other hand the gender had no
significant effect on the studied parameters.

This study is conducted in the laboratory of State board for seed testing and
certification (S.B.S.T.C) – Branch of Al – Diwaniyah ,to determine the effect
allelopathic of aqueous extracts of leaves eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus ssp) (0 ,
1% , 2% and 4% g/100 ml) in seed germination & growth of seedling three
genotype from crop medical Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) (White , Planned
and Red). The results showed to the existence of significant differences for all
traits, including the rate & speed of germination , length & dry weight of the
assembled root and shoot between the stress allelopathic compared to the control
treatment in addition to the differences of the genotypes and interaction with
allelopathic treatments.

Ten soils are chosen from different geographic sites from Iraq :Abu
Ghraib(Three soils) ,Al-Jadriya ,Dyala (Tow soils) , AL-Sulaimaniya,Al-Kut
,Al-Nasriya , Al-Dewniya they differ in their chemical and physical properties ,
to determine Kinetic values (activation energy and temperature coefficient ) of
amidase enzyme in soils . The ten soils are incubated at 10-60 C° of incubation
temperatures ,and amidase activity is determined at each degree to calculate
kinetic values temperature coefficient (Q10) and activation energy (Ea) in soils
.Results have shown that the increasing of temperature cause increasing
hydrolysis of formamide (Amidase activity ) ,and the results have shown Q10
values of soils are between 1.83-2.37 ,where as Ea values are between 59.17-
86.61 K Jol.mol-1 .