Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Animal production / College of Agriculture / Al-Qadisiyah University

Abstract

This study was  conducted to show the effect of three different techniques of embryo freezing on the vitality and percentage of normal embryos. This research was carried out Between December 2020 and June 2021, in the Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproduction at Al-Nahrain  University . Ovaries were  obtained from ewes that were slaughtered in a Shulla local slaughterhouse. 75 ovaries were obtained and randomly divided into three groups in this study. Oocytes were extracted from the ovaries using an aspiration procedure, followed by in vitro maturation, fertilization, early embryonic development, then vitrification, Rapid cryopreservation, slow cryopreservation, and finally vital tests and natural embryos. The nappy vitrification process was determined to be the best for cryopreservation of embryos in this investigation.  

Keywords

Main Subjects

[1]       Shaw, J.M.,  Cox, S.L., Trounson, A.O. and  Jenkin, G. 2000 .  Evaluation of the long-term function of cryopreserved  ovarian grafts in the mouse, implications for human applications. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 161:103-110.                                   
[2]       Ayalew, E. and Lemma, A.  2010. Evaluation of cryopreservation methods and extender types for storage of donkey semen. As part of DVM thesis, Faculty of  Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University.                                                    
[3]       Ataya, K. and Moghissi, K. 1989. Chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure: mechanisms and prevention. Steroids, 54:607–26.                                           
 
[4]       Hsieh, Y.Y., Tsai, H.D., Chang, C.C., Chang, C.C., Lo, H.Y. and Lai, A.C. 1999. Ultrarapid cryopreservation of human embryos: experience with 1,582 embryos. Fertil. Steril, 72: 253–6.                                                                                                        
[5]       Elnahas, A.,  Alcolak, E., Marar, E.A.,  Elnahas, T., Elnahas, K., Palapelas, V., Diedrich, K. and Al-Hasani S.2010. Vitrification of human oocytes and different development stages of embryos: an overview Middle East Fertil Soc J, 15: 2–9.                                                                                                                              
[6]       Kuwayama, M., Vajta, G., Kato, O and Leibo, S.P. 2005. Highly efficient vitrification method for cryopreservation of human oocytes. Reprod Biomed Online 11: 300–308.                                                                                                                     
[7]       Kuwayama M. 2007. Highly efficient vitrification for cryopreservation of human oocytes and embryos: the Cryotop method. Theriogenology, 67(1): 73-80. 
[8]       Fakhrildin, M.B.M.R. and Al-Moussawi, R. H. A. 2013. Effect of two types and two concentrations of cryoprotectants on ovine oocytes morphology and viability post-vitrification Iraqi J. Embryos and Infertility Researches 3:64-75.                                                                                                                                 
[9]       Rezk, W. A. K. 2009. Studies on In Vitro fertilization in Camels (Camelus dromedaries) Faculty of Agriculture Animal Production Department Mansoura University (PhD thesis).                                                                        
[10]   Wang, Z.G.; Xu, Z.R. and Yu, S.D. 2007.Effects of oocyte collection techniques and maturation media on in vitro maturation and subsequent embryo development in Boer goat Anim. Sci., 52, (1): 21–25.             
[11]   De Felici, M. and Siracusa, G. 1982: Spontaneous hardening of the zona pellucida of mouse oocytes during in vitro culture. Gamete. Res., 6: 107-113.                 
[12]   Crozet, N., Huneau, D., Desmedt, V., Théron, M.-C., Szöllösi, D., Torrès, S. and Sévellec, C. 1987. In vitro fertilization with normal development in the sheep. Gamete Res., 16: 159–170.                                                                                                                              
[13]   Alberto, R.Stefano, C.Andrea, C.Claudia, F.Carlotta, P.Gianluca, G.Luisa, D. P. and Chiara, B.  2019. Impact of the addition of Early Embryo Viability Assessment to morphological evaluation on the accuracy of embryo selection on day 3 or day 5: a retrospective analysis Journal of Ovarian Research volume 12, Article number: 73 .                                                                 
[14]   Jihui, Ai, Lei, Jin, Y.u. Zheng, Peiwen Yang, Bo Huang and Xiyuan, D. 2021. The Morphology of Inner Cell Mass Is the Strongest Predictor of Live Birth After a Frozen-Thawed Single Embryo Transfer Front. Endocrinol., 24 February  | https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.621221.